Environmental regulation, innovation quality and firms’ competitivity-Quasi-natural experiment based on China’s carbon emissions trading pilot

In the study of the “Porter Hypothesis”, scholars explored the impact of different forms of innovation on the firms’ competitivity, but did not distinguish between innovations on the difference in patent quality. In addition, relevant research only regards innovation as a mediator between environmental regulation and competitivity, and doesn’t take into account innovation induced by environmental regulation, can only promote competitivity under the constraints of environmental regulation. That is to say, environmental regulation not only induces innovation, but also moderates innovation to promote competitivity. In view of this, we use panel data of A-share listed firms in China from 2006 to 2016, and adopt propensity score matching and different in different (PSM-DID) model to empirically test the inductive effect and moderating effect. The results show that CETS cannot only improve the quantity and quality, but also significantly enhance the firms’ market value; innovation itself cannot enhance the firms’ market value, but the interaction with CETS can promote the firms’ market value. In addition, the CETS has a stronger inductive effect on innovation of state-owned shares firms, but the positive moderating effect on high-quality innovation and competitivity only exists in non-state-owned shares firms

Experimental Realization of 1→21 \to 2 Asymmetric Phase-Covariant Quantum Cloning

While exact cloning of an unknown quantum state is prohibited by the linearity of quantum mechanics, approximate cloning is possible and has been used, e.g., to derive limits on the security of quantum communication protocols. In the case of asymmetric cloning, the information from the input state is distributed asymmetrically between the different output states. Here, we consider asymmetric phase-covariant cloning, where the goal is to optimally transfer the phase information from a single input qubit to different output qubits. We construct an optimal quantum cloning machine for two qubits that does not require ancilla qubits and implement it on an NMR quantum information processor.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Análisis comparativo de la distribución en profundidad de diecisiete especies de grandes pelágicos, capturados en una pesquería de palangre en el océano Pacífico centro-oriental

The objective of this study was to estimate depth distribution of pelagic species captured in a longline fishery and to evaluate the difference in depth distribution among species. We estimated depth distribution for 17 frequently captured species based on a Chinese longline fishing trip targeting bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean in February-November 2006. The depth distributions of 13 bycatch species were significantly different from that of bigeye tuna. Although most of the bycatch species were found to be distributed in water depths shallower than bigeye tuna (i.e. increasing hook depths can decrease catch rates of these species), the rates of catch rates declined with increasing hook depths may be different. The depth distributions were found to be not significantly different between genders for 7 species. There was no significant correlation between fish sizes and capture depths. The information derived from this study can play an important role in reducing bycatch in pelagic tuna longline fisheries in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean.El objetivo de este estudio ha sido estimar la distribución en profundidad de especies pelágicas capturadas en una pesquería de palangre y evaluar la diferencia en la distribución en profundidad entre las especies. Se estimó la distribución en profundidad para 17 especies capturadas frecuentemente, sobre la base de los datos obtenidos en una marea de una pesquería de palangre china dirigida al patudo (Thunnus obesus) en el océano Pacífico centro-oriental, durante febrero-noviembre 2006. Las distribuciones en profundidad de 13 especies no objetivo de la pesquería fueron significativamente diferentes de la del patudo. Aunque la mayoría de estas 13 especies se encontraron a menor profundidad que el patudo, la medida en la que la captura acompañante disminuye puede ser diferente al situar los anzuelos a mayor profundidad. En 7 de las especies no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre sexos en relación a la distribución en profundidad. No hubo correlación significativa entre los tamaños de los peces y las profundidades de captura. La información derivada de este estudio puede jugar un rol importante en la reducción de la captura acompañante de pesquerías pelágicas con palangre dirigidas a captura de atunes en el océano Pacífico centro-oriental